COMPENDIUM ON FUNCTIONAL MEDICINE - Flipbook - Page 835
Low levels suggest insufficient catecholamines, potentially related
to fatigue, depression, or attention issues.
Clinical Significance of Neurotransmitter Metabolites
Neurotransmitter metabolites provide insight into brain chemistry
and nervous system function:
Dopamine Function
Dopamine plays key roles in motivation, reward, motor control,
and focus. Low HVA is associated with depression, fatigue, ADHD
symptoms, and Parkinson's disease. High HVA may indicate stress,
certain medications, or issues with dopamine breakdown.
Serotonin Function
Serotonin regulates mood, sleep, appetite, and pain perception.
Low 5-HIAA correlates with depression, anxiety, insomnia, OCD,
and fibromyalgia. High 5-HIAA may indicate increased turnover or
metabolism.
Epinephrine/Norepinephrine Function
These catecholamines mediate stress response and energy
regulation. Low VMA associates with fatigue, depression, and
orthostatic hypotension. High VMA often indicates chronic stress or
anxiety.
Treatment Approaches for Neurotransmitter Imbalances
Amino acid therapy (L-tyrosine for dopamine, 5-HTP for serotonin)
Cofactor support (vitamin B6, folate, B12, copper, iron) Stress
management techniques Dietary modifications to support optimal
neurotransmitter production Addressing underlying factors
(inflammation, gut dysbiosis, HPA axis dysfunction)
Oxalate Metabolites
Markers
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