COMPENDIUM ON FUNCTIONAL MEDICINE - Flipbook - Page 841
Treatment Approaches for Vitamin Abnormalities
Targeted supplementation based on specific deficiencies
Addressing barriers to nutrient absorption (gut inflammation,
maldigestion) Identifying and correcting nutrient depletors
(medications, stress, toxins) Dietary modifications to increase
nutrient density
Ketone and Fatty Acid Oxidation Markers
Markers
Acetoacetic acid, 3-Hydroxybutyric acid, Ethylmalonic acid,
Adipic acid, Suberic acid
Interpretation
Elevations may indicate ketosis (intentional or pathological),
impaired fatty acid oxidation, carnitine deficiency, or certain
genetic disorders.
Clinical Significance of Fatty Acid Metabolism Markers
These markers reveal how effectively the body utilizes fat for
energy:
Ketone Bodies
Acetoacetic acid and 3-hydroxybutyric acid elevations indicate
ketosis. May be adaptive (ketogenic diet, fasting) or pathological
(diabetic ketoacidosis).
Medium-Chain Fatty Acid Metabolism
Adipic acid elevations suggest impaired medium-chain fatty acid
metabolism. Often due to carnitine deficiency or mitochondrial
dysfunction.
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